Sword OF GOD

                              Khalid ibn al-Walid:

Nickname :   Sword of Allah;

Born :        592;

Mecca,     Arabia

Died       :   642

Homs,       Syria
Buried at  Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque
Allegiance  Rashidun Caliphate;
Service/department Rashidun army;
Years of provider 632–638.
Rank:: General;

KHĀLID IBN AL-WALĪD (ARABIC: خالد بن الوليد‎; 592–642) ALSO KNOWN AS SAYF ALLĀH AL-MASLŪL (THE DRAWN SWORD OF GOD), WAS A COMPANION OF THE ISLAMIC PROPHETMUHAMMAD. HE IS NOTED FOR HIS MILITARY TACTICS AND PROWESS, COMMANDING THE FORCES OF MEDINA UNDER MUHAMMAD AND THE FORCES OF HIS IMMEDIATE SUCCESSORS OF THE RASHIDUN CALIPHATE; ABU BAKR AND UMAR IBN KHATTAB. IT WAS UNDER HIS MILITARY LEADERSHIP THAT ARABIA, FOR THE FIRST TIME IN HISTORY, WAS UNITED UNDER A SINGLE POLITICAL ENTITY, THE CALIPHATE. HE WAS VICTORIOUS IN OVER A HUNDRED BATTLES, AGAINST THE FORCES OF THE BYZANTINE-ROMAN EMPIRE, SASSANID-PERSIAN EMPIRE, AND THEIR ALLIES, IN ADDITION TO OTHER ARAB TRIBES. HIS STRATEGIC ACHIEVEMENTS INCLUDE THE CONQUEST OF ARABIA, PERSIAN MESOPOTAMIA ANDROMAN SYRIA WITHIN SEVERAL YEARS FROM 632 TO 636. HE IS ALSO REMEMBERED FOR HIS DECISIVE VICTORIES AT YAMAMAH, ULLAIS, AND FIRAZ, AND HIS TACTICAL SUCCESSES AT WALAJA AND YARMOUK.
Khalid ibn al-Walid (Khalid son of al-Walid, lit. Khalid son of the Newborn) became from the Meccan tribe of Quraysh, from a extended family that initially opposed Muhammad. He played a essential role in the Meccan victory on the Battle of Uhud. He converted to Islam, and joined Muhammad after the Treaty of Hudaybiyyahand participated in numerous expeditions for him, including the Battle of Mu'tah. After Muhammad's loss of life, he performed a key function in commanding Medinan forces for Abu Bakr within the Ridda wars, conquering central Arabia and subduing Arab tribes. He captured the Sassanid Arab client Kingdom of Al-Hirah, and defeated the Sassanid Persian forces at some stage in his conquest of Iraq (Mesopotamia). He was later transferred to the western front to seize Roman Syria and the Byzantine Arab customer country of the Ghassanids. Even though Umar later relieved him of high command, he however remained the effective chief of the forces arrayed against the Byzantines all through the early ranges of theByzantine–Arab Wars. Under his command, Damascus became captured in 634 and the key Arab victory in opposition to the Byzantine forces was performed at the Battle of Yarmouk (636), which caused the conquest of the Bilad al-Sham(Levant). In 638, on the zenith of his profession, he became dismissed from army services.

EARLY LIFE:

Khalid become born round c. 592 in Mecca to Walid ibn al-Mughira, the leader of the Banu Makhzum, a extended family of the Arab tribe of Quraysh. He changed into Umar's cousin. His father was regarded in Mecca by way of the identify of Al-Waheed- the One. The three leading clans of Quraysh at that time were, Banu Hashim, Banu Abd-al-dar, and Banu Makhzum. The Banu Makhzum become accountable for the topics of war. Soon after his birth, and in accordance with the traditions of the Quraysh, Khalid became sent to a Bedouin tribe in the desert, wherein a foster mom might nurse him and convey him up in the clear, dry and unpolluted air of the desolate tract. At the age of five or six, he returned to his dad and mom in Mecca. Khalid throughout his adolescence additionally had a moderate attack of smallpox which he survived, however it left a few pockmarks on his left cheek.

Khalid and Umar(Razi Allah) the second Caliph, were cousins and had very near facial resemblance. Khalid and Umar had been each verytall, Khalid had a well-built body with extensive shoulders. He had a beard which appeared complete and thick on his face. He became additionally one of the champion wrestlers of his time. As a member of the tribe of Makhzum, who had specialized in warfare, and have been amongst the great horsemen in Arabia, Khalid, as a child, found out to ride and use weapons like the spear, the lance, the bow, and the sword. Lance is stated to be his favorite the various weapons. In youth he turned into fashionable as a renowned warrior and wrestler many of the Quraysh.

MUHAMMAD'S ERA (610–632):::::

NOT MUCH IS KNOWN ABOUT KHALID DURING THE EARLY DAYS OF THE PREACHING OF MUHAMMAD. HIS FATHER WAS KNOWN FOR HIS HOSTILITY AGAINST MUHAMMAD. FOLLOWING THE MIGRATION OF MUHAMMAD FROM MECCA TO MEDINA, MANY BATTLES WERE FOUGHT BETWEEN THE NEW MUSLIM COMMUNITY AT MEDINA AND THE CONFEDERACY OF THE QURAYSH. KHALID DID NOT PARTICIPATE IN THE BATTLE OF BADR—THE FIRST BATTLE FOUGHT BETWEEN MUSLIMS AND QURAYSHITES—BUT HIS BROTHER WALID IBN WALID WAS CAUGHT AND MADE A PRISONER. KHALID AND HIS ELDER BROTHER HASHAM IBN WALID WENT TO MEDINA TO RANSOM WALID, BUT SOON AFTER HE WAS RANSOMED, WALID, AMIDST THE JOURNEY BACK TO MECCA, ESCAPED AND WENT BACK TO MUHAMMAD AND CONVERTED TO ISLAM. KHALID'S LEADERSHIP WAS INSTRUMENTAL IN TURNING THE TABLES AND ENSURING A MECCAN VICTORY DURING THE BATTLE OF UHUD (625). IN 627 AD HE WAS A PART OF QURAYSH'S CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE MUSLIMS, RESULTING IN THE BATTLE OF THE TRENCH, KHALID'S LAST BATTLE AGAINST MUSLIMS.




A peace settlement of ten years was concluded among the Muslims and Quraysh of Mecca at the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah in 628. It has been recorded that Muhammad advised Khalid's brother, Walid bin Walid, that: "A man like Khalid, can't keep himself faraway from Islam for long".Walid wrote letters to Khalid persuading him to convert. Khalid, who changed into no longer unduly drawn toward the idols of the Kaaba, determined to convert to Islam and is said to have shared this remember along with his formative years friend Ikrimah ibn Abi-Jahl who adversarial him. Khalid changed into threatened by way of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb with dire consequences, but became confined by using Ikrimah who's mentioned to have stated: "Steady, O Abu Sufyan! Your anger may also properly lead me additionally to enroll in Muhammad. Khalid is unfastened to follow some thing faith he chooses". In May 629, Khalid set out for Medina. On the manner he met 'Amr ibn al-'As and Uthman ibn Talha, who have been additionally going to Medina to convert to Islam. They arrived at Medina on 31 May 629 and went to the house of Muhammad. Khalid turned into acquired by way of his elder brother Walid bin Walid and became first a number of the 3 men to go into Islam.


Main article: Battle of Mu'tah
Three months after Khalid's arrival at Medina, Muhammad sent an envoy to the Ghassanid ruler of Syria, a vassal of Byzantine empire, with a letter inviting him to convert to Islam. While passing via Mu'tah, this envoy turned into intercepted and killed through a neighborhood Ghassanid chieftain by the name of Shurahbil ibn Amr. Traditionally, diplomatic envoys held immunity from attack, and the information of this act enraged Medina.
An expedition turned into without delay organized to take punitive motion towards the Ghassanids. Muhammad appointed Zayd ibn Harithah because the commander of the force. In the occasion of Zayd's death, the command become to be taken over by way of Ja`a long way ibn Abī Tālib, and if Jafar have been to be killed, the command could be within the fingers of `Abd Allah ibn Rawahah. In the occasion that every one 3 have been killed, the guys of the expedition were to pick out a commander from amongst themselves.
All three named commanders have been slain during the war, and Khalid became selected as the commander. He changed into able to keep his closely outnumbered military of three,000 guys towards a huge navy of 200,000 of the Byzantine Empire and Ghassanid Arabs in what would be referred to as the Battle of Mu'tah. Khalid assumed command of the Muslim army on the important moment, and became what would were a bloody slaughter right into a strategic retreat and stored the Muslim military from general annihilation.
During nightfall, Khalid despatched some columns in the back of the principle army, and the subsequent morning previous to the war they were advised to join the Muslim navy in small bands, one after the opposite, giving an affect of a fresh reinforcement, therefore decreasing the opponent's morale. Khalid by some means stabilized the conflict lines for that day, and at some point of the night his men retreated again to Arabia. Believing a trap become expecting them, the Byzantine troops did now not pursue. Khalid is stated to have fought valiantly on the Battle of Mu'tah and to have damaged 9 swords for the duration of the battle. After the Battle of Mu'tah, Khalid was given the name Sword of Allah for bringing back his army to combat another day.

Main articles: Conquest of Mecca, Battle of Hunayn, Siege of Ta'if, and Battle of Tabouk
A 12 months later, in 630 AD, the Muslims superior from Medina to triumph over Mecca. In the Conquest of Mecca Khalid commanded one of the four Muslims armies that entered Mecca from four distinct routes, and routed the Qurayshi cavalry. Later that year, he participated in the Battle of Hunayn and the Siege of Ta'if.
He turned into part of the Tabuk campaign under the command of Muhammad, and from there he changed into despatched to Daumat-ul-Jandal in which he fought and captured the Arab Prince of Daumat-ul-Jandal, forcing Daumat-ul-Jandal to put up.
In 631 A.D he participated within the farewell hajj of Muhammad. During which is said to have accrued few hairs of Muhammad, as a holy relic, that would help him prevailing the battles.

Main articles: Expedition of Khalid ibn al-Walid (Nakhla), Expedition of Khalid ibn al-Walid (Banu Jadhimah), and Expedition of Khalid ibn al-Walid (Dumatul Jandal)
On January 630 AD, 8AH, 9th month, of the Islamic Calendar. Khalid ibn al-Walid turned into sent to damage the Idol Goddess al-Uzza, worshipped via polytheists, he did this correctly, and 1 female was also killed, who Muhammad claimed turned into the actual al-Uzza.
Khalid ibn al-Walid was additionally despatched to ask the Banu Jadhimah tribe to Islam. They conventional the invitation, however Khalid took they all prisoners and done a portion of the tribe besides (earlier than he became stopped), due to beyond enmity.
Muhammad also sent Khalid on an expedition to Dumatul Jandal, to attack the Christian Prince who lived in a castle there. This happened in March 631 AD, 9AH,eleventh month of the Islamic Calendar. In this campaign, Khaled took the Prince hostage and threatened to kill him till the door of the fort was opened. Muhammad then later ransomed him in exchange for 2000 camels, 800 sheep, 400 armours and 400 lances, as well as a demand to pay Jizyah.
In April 631 AD, Muhammad once more sent Khalid on an 2nd expedition to Dumatul Jandal to break the pagan Idol, Wadd. Khalid destroyed the statue as well as the shrine and killed people who resisted.
 Death::
Although it's miles believed that members of the family between Umar and Khalid, cousins, had been constantly something quick of cordial, each of them reputedly harboured no ill-will towards every other. Upon his dying, he bequeathed his assets to Umar and made him the executor of his will and property.
Within less than four years of his dismissal, Khalid died and turned into buried in 642 in Emesa, wherein he lived since his dismissal from military offerings. His tomb is now a part of a mosquecalled Khalid ibn al-Walid Mosque. Khalid's tombstone depicts a list of over 50 successful battles that he commanded without defeat (no longer along with small battles).It is said that he had desired to die as a martyr inside the field of battle, and become apparently disappointed when he knew that he could die in bed.Khalid expressed the ache of this unhappiness thru one final, anguished sentence:
I've fought in such a lot of battles looking for martyrdom that there may be no spot in my frame left without a scar or a wound made with the aid of a spear or sword. And yet right here I am, death on my bed like an old camel. May the eyes of the cowards never relaxation.
—Khalid ibn Walid
The wife of Khalid, upon feeling the sort of pain of her husband advised Khalid: "You had been given the name of 'Saif-ullah' that means, 'The Sword of Allah' and, the sword of Allah is not intended to be broken and as a result, it is not your destiny to be a 'martyr' but to die like a conqueror."